Single-Phase Flow and Heat Transport and Pumping Considerations in Microchannel Heat Sinks

Microchannel heat sinks are widely regarded as being amongst the most effective heat removal techniques from space-constrained electronic devices. However, the fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannels is not fully understood. The pumping requirements for flow through microchannels are also very high and none of the micropumps in the literature are truly suitable for this application. Results are reported from a wide-ranging research program being conducted on microchannel heat sinks and micropumps to understand fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannels and to identify pumping requirements and suitable mechanisms for pumping in microchannels. In particular, experiments have been performed to show that conventional correlations for fluid flow and heat transfer adequately predict the behavior in microchannels of hydraulic diameters as small as 250 μm. Pumping requirements of microchannel heat sinks have been analyzed, and the size of the microchannels optimized for minimum pumping requirements. Results are also provided from a comprehensive review of micropumping technologies in the literature. † Submitted for publication in Heat Transfer Engineering, January 2003, and in revised form March 2003. ‡ Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; Tel: (765) 494-5621, Fax: (765) 494-0539, [email protected]